Momwe Mungadziwire Mafotokozedwe a Makwerero a Cable？

Momwe MungadziwireMakwerero a ChingweZofotokozera？

Kusankha zofunikira zoyenera zamakwerero a chingwendi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa ntchito zolumikizira mawaya amagetsi, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji chitetezo cha mawaya amagetsi, kutayika kwa kutentha, komanso kukula kwa makina. Kukula koyenera kumafuna kuganizira mozama za miyeso yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mphamvu ya makina, kugwiritsa ntchito malo, malo ogwirira ntchito, ndi zosowa zosamalira kwa nthawi yayitali.

1. Kuwunika Mphamvu Yonyamula Mitolo
Mphamvu ya kapangidwe ka makwerero a chingwe iyenera kukhala yokwanira kuthandizira kulemera konse kwa zingwe zonse (kuphatikiza ma conductor ndi insulation) ndi katundu aliyense wamoyo kwakanthawi komwe kungachitike panthawi yokhazikitsa kapena kukonza (monga kuyenda kwa mapazi a ogwira ntchito kapena kulemera kwa zida). Kusankha kuyenera kutengera kuchuluka kwa katundu komwe kwaperekedwa ndi wopanga, kusiyanitsa pakati pa makhalidwe onyamula katundu wa zipangizo monga chitsulo ndi aluminiyamu, kuonetsetsa kuti makwererowo amakhalabe olimba pamene akunyamula katundu wonse.

2. Kulamulira Chiŵerengero cha Kudzaza Chingwe
Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mawaya a chingwe kapena kutayika bwino kwa kutentha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchulukana kwa anthu, malo ozungulira omwe ali ndi zingwe mkati mwa makwerero ayenera kuyendetsedwa mosamala. Malamulo amagetsi apadziko lonse lapansi (monga NEC, miyezo ya IEC) nthawi zambiri amanena kuti malo onse ozungulira zingwe sayenera kupitirira peresenti inayake (nthawi zambiri 40%-50%) ya malo owonekera bwino amkati mwa makwerero. Powerengera chiŵerengero cha kuchuluka kwa mainchesi a chingwe ndi gawo logwira ntchito la makwerero, m'lifupi wofunikira ndi kutalika kwa njanji yambali zitha kudziwika.

3. Kusinthana ndi Malo Ogwirira Ntchito

• Zotsatira za Kutentha ndi Chinyezi: Malo otentha kwambiri amafunika mtunda wokulirapo wa chingwe kapena magawo akuya a makwerero kuti kutentha kusatenthe; malo onyowa ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosagwira dzimbiri monga chitsulo chosungunuka ndi kutentha, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, kapena zokutira zophatikizika.
• Zofunikira pa Chitetezo cha Moto: Mabwalo otetezera moto kapena malo osonkhanira anthu ambiri amafuna makwerero a chingwe omwe amaletsa moto kapena osapsa ndi moto, omwe kapangidwe kake kayenera kutsatira ziphaso zoyenera za chitetezo cha moto.
• Kusokoneza Magetsi: Pamene zingwe zamagetsi ndi zizindikiro zikugawana makwerero omwewo, magawo kapena makwerero okhala ndi tiered tiers ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukwaniritsa zofunikira zogwirizana ndi maginito.

4. Kukonza Ma Parameter a Kapangidwe

• Kutalikirana kwa Makwerero: Kutalikirana kwa makwerero (osakwana 150mm) ndikoyenera kuthandizira zingwe zazing'ono za m'mimba mwake, pomwe mtunda wokulirapo (woposa 300mm) ndi wabwino kwambiri pa zingwe zolemera komanso zazikulu. Mpata weniweniwo uyenera kufanana ndi utali wocheperako wa makwerero a chingwe.
• Kuyendetsa Makwerero: Sankhani zinthu monga mapindidwe opingasa, zokweza zoyima, ndi zochepetsera kutengera njira yoyikira. Zolumikizira zapadera zomwe sizili zachizolowezi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamapangidwe ovuta.

5. Kakonzedwe ka Dongosolo Lothandizira

• Machitidwe Othandizira: Mipata ya ma hangers ndi ma trapeze othandizira iyenera kuwerengedwa poganizira malire a kupotoka kwa makwerero (nthawi zambiri ≤ 1/200 ya kutalika kwa mtunda).
• Kuteteza Chingwe: Njira zopewera kugwedezeka ziyenera kuphatikizapo zomangira chingwe, maziko omangirira, ndi zina zowonjezera kuti chingwe chisasunthike.
• Kuyika pansi: Onetsetsani kuti magetsi akuyenda bwino nthawi yonse yogwirira ntchito, pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zomangira zamkuwa kapena zomangira pansi pamalo olumikizira.

6. Kupereka kwa Kukula kwa Mtsogolo
Ndikoyenera kuphatikiza malire a kapangidwe ka 20%-30% panthawi yokonzekera kuti zigwirizane ndi kukula kwa dera mtsogolo. Pa ma circuits omwe angathe kukwera mphamvu, makwerero olemera kapena nyumba zokulirapo, zokulirapo zitha kukhazikitsidwa kale.

Njira Yovomerezeka Yofotokozera

1. Dziwani mitundu ya chingwe, mainchesi akunja, ndi kulemera kwa mayunitsi.
2. Werengerani katundu wonse ndipo poyamba sankhani zinthu za makwerero ndi mtundu wa kapangidwe kake.
3. Chongani chiŵerengero cha kudzazidwa kuti mudziwe miyeso ya magawo osiyanasiyana.
4. Sankhani mulingo woyenera wa chitetezo kutengera mawonekedwe a chilengedwe.
5. Pangani dongosolo lothandizira ndi zigawo zapadera.
6. Tsimikizani kuti dongosolo likugwirizana ndi momwe zinthu zilili komanso momwe zinthu zilili.

Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yolongosolera bwino imeneyi, zofunikira pakukhazikitsa zomwe zilipo pano zitha kukwaniritsidwa komanso kusintha malinga ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo chamtsogolo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zabwino kwambiri. Pa mapulojekiti enieni, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu aukadaulo opanga zinthu kuti tiyesere kunyamula katundu ndikupeza chitsimikizo chaukadaulo kuchokera kwa ogulitsa.