Nigute wamenya ibipimo by'urwego rw'insinga?

Uburyo bwo kumenyaIngazi y'InsingaIbisobanuro?

Guhitamo ibipimo bikwiye kuriurwego rw'insingaNi intambwe ikomeye mu mishinga y'insinga z'amashanyarazi, igira ingaruka ku mutekano w'uruziga, gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, no kwaguka kwa sisitemu. Ingano ikwiye isaba gusuzuma neza ingano zitandukanye, harimo imbaraga za mashini, ikoreshwa ry'umwanya, ibidukikije bikorerwamo, n'ibikenewe mu kubungabunga igihe kirekire.

1. Isuzuma ry'ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo
Imbaraga z'imiterere y'urwego rw'insinga zigomba kuba zihagije kugira ngo zishyigikire uburemere bwose bw'insinga zose (harimo n'ibyuma bizifasha gushyushya) hamwe n'imizigo y'igihe gito ishobora kubaho mu gihe cyo gushyiraho cyangwa kubungabunga (urugero, uburyo abakozi bakora cyangwa uburemere bw'ibikoresho). Guhitamo bigomba gushingira ku bipimo by'imizigo bitangwa n'uwakoze, bigatandukanya imiterere y'ibikoresho nk'icyuma na aluminiyumu, bigatuma urwego ruguma ruhamye mu miterere yarwo mu gihe cy'umuzigo wose.

2. Kugenzura igipimo cy'umuyoboro w'insinga
Kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika kw'insinga cyangwa gushonga nabi kw'ubushyuhe guterwa n'ubwinshi bw'abantu, agace k'insinga zikoreshwa mu ngazi gagomba kugenzurwa neza. Amategeko mpuzamahanga y'amashanyarazi (nk'amahame ya NEC, IEC) asanzwe avuga ko ubuso bwose bw'insinga bugomba kurenga ijanisha runaka (ubusanzwe 40%-50%) bw'ubuso bw'imbere bw'urwego. Mu kubara igipimo cy'umurambararo w'insinga n'igice cy'urwego gifatika, ubugari n'uburebure bw'inzira y'umuhanda bishobora kumenyekana.

3. Guhuza n'ibidukikije by'imikorere

• Ingaruka z'ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe: Ahantu hashyushye cyane hasaba ko insinga zishyirwa hagati cyangwa ibice by'urwego byimbitse kugira ngo ubushyuhe burusheho gukwirakwira; ahantu hatose hagomba gukoreshwa ibikoresho birwanya ingese nk'icyuma gishyushye, icyuma kitagira umugese, cyangwa irangi rivanze.
• Ibisabwa ku mutekano w'inkongi: Inzira zo kurinda inkongi cyangwa ahantu hahurira abantu benshi zisaba urwego rw'insinga rudacana umuriro cyangwa rudacana umuriro, aho imiterere yarwo igomba kubahiriza ibyemezo by'umutekano w'inkongi.
• Interference y'amashanyarazi: Iyo insinga z'amashanyarazi n'ibimenyetso bisangiye urwego rumwe, ibice cyangwa urwego rufite ibyiciro byinshi bigomba gukoreshwa kugira ngo huzuzwe ibisabwa mu guhuza ingufu z'amashanyarazi.

4. Gutunganya Ibipimo by'Imiterere

• Intera iri hagati y’ibipande: Intera iri hagati y’ibipande (munsi ya mm 150) ikwiriye gushyigikira insinga nto z’umurambararo, mu gihe intera iri hagati y’ibipande (irenga mm 300) ikwiriye ku nsinga ziremereye kandi nini. Intera iri hagati y’ibipande igomba kuba ihuye n’uburebure bw’umurambararo wa nyabagendwa.
• Uburyo bwo kugena urwego: Hitamo ibice nk'aho urwego ruhagaze, aho urwego ruhagarara, n'aho urwego rugabanya ibintu hashingiwe ku nzira yo gushyiraho. Ibikoresho byihariye bitari ibisanzwe bishobora gukoreshwa mu miterere igoye.

5. Imiterere ya sisitemu y'inyongera

• Uburyo bwo Gushyigikira: Intera iri hagati y’udukoresho two gupakira n’udukoresho two gupakira iragomba kubarwa hashingiwe ku nzitizi z’urwego (ubusanzwe ≤ 1/200 cy’uburebure).
• Gukingira Insinga: Ingamba zo kurwanya gutigita zigomba kuba zirimo imigozi y'insinga, imigozi yo kuziba, n'ibindi bikoresho kugira ngo hirindwe ko insinga zijya mu zindi.
• Gutera hasi: Menya neza ko amashanyarazi ahoraho mu gihe cyose cyo gukora, ukoresheje imigozi y'umuringa cyangwa udukoresho twabigenewe two gutera hasi aho uhuzwa.

6. Ingamba zo Kwagura mu gihe kizaza
Ni byiza gushyiramo ikigereranyo cya 20%-30% mu gihe cy'igenamigambi kugira ngo habeho kwaguka kwa circuit mu gihe kizaza. Ku mpande zishobora kwiyongera ubushobozi, urwego ruremereye cyangwa inyubako zishobora kwaguka zishobora gushyirwaho mbere.

Uburyo bwo kugena ibikenewe

1. Garagaza ubwoko bw'insinga, uburebure bw'inyuma, n'uburemere bw'ibice.
2. Barura umutwaro wose hanyuma uhitemo ibikoresho by'urwego n'ubwoko bw'inyubako.
3. Genzura igipimo cy'umusaruro kugira ngo umenye ingano z'ibice bifatanye.
4. Hitamo urwego rukwiye rwo kurinda hashingiwe ku miterere y'ibidukikije.
5. Kora igishushanyo mbonera cy'ubufasha n'ibice byihariye.
6. Genzura ko sisitemu ihuye n'uburyo bwo kuyibungabunga bushoboka.

Mu gukoresha ubu buryo bwo gusesengura ibintu, ibisabwa mu gushyiraho ibintu ubu bishobora kuzuzwa mu gihe bihuzwa n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga mu gihe kizaza, bikagera ku giciro cyiza mu buzima. Ku mishinga nyayo, ni byiza gukoresha porogaramu z’umwuga zo gushushanya ibikoresho mu buryo bwo kwigana imizigo no kubona icyemezo cya tekiniki kivuye ku batanga serivisi.