Izuba ry'amashanyarazi rikoresha imirasire y'izubasitasiyo z'amashanyarazi zigabanyijemo ibicesisitemu zidafite ikoranabuhanga (zigenga)na sisitemu zihujwe n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, none ndakubwira itandukaniro riri hagati y'ibyo bibiri: Iyo abakoresha bahisemo gushyiraho sitasiyo z'amashanyarazi zikoresha imirasire y'izuba, bagomba kubanza kwemeza ikoreshwa ry'amatara ya amashanyarazi akoresha imirasire y'izuba adafite imirasire cyangwa sitasiyo z'amashanyarazi zikoresha imirasire y'izuba zihujwe n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, ikoreshwa ry'imirimo yombi ntabwo ari rimwe rwose, birumvikana ko imiterere y'amatara ya amashanyarazi akoresha imirasire y'izuba atari imwe, ikiguzi nacyo kiratandukanye cyane.
(1)Nta ruziga rukoreshwaIngufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, izwi kandi nka sitasiyo y'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, ni sisitemu idashingiye ku muyoboro w'amashanyarazi kandi ikora ku giti cyayo. Igizwe ahanini n'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, bateri zo kubika ingufu, ibikoresho bigenzura amashanyarazi n'ibisohora umuriro, inverters n'ibindi bice. Amashanyarazi atangwa n'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zisuka mu buryo butaziguye muri bateri kandi zigabikwa. Iyo bikenewe kugira ngo zitange ingufu z'amashanyarazi, umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi unyura muri bateri uca mu cyuma gihindura umuriro wa 220V, ari na wo mu buryo bwo gusubiramo umuriro no gusohora umuriro. Ubu bwoko bw'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zikoreshwa cyane kuko zidashingiye ku karere. Ishobora gushyirwaho kandi igakoreshwa aho izuba rirashe hose. Kubwibyo, ikwiriye cyane mu turere twa kure tudafite umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, ibirwa byihariye, amato y'uburobyi, aho kororera hanze, kandi ishobora no gukoreshwa nk'ibikoresho byihutirwa byo gutanga amashanyarazi mu turere dukunze kubura umuriro.
Ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zikoreshwa hanze y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi zitwara amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic zigira 30-50% by'ikiguzi cy'uburyo bwo kuzikoresha kuko zigomba kuba zifite bateri. Kandi igihe cyo kuzikoresha muri rusange kiba mu myaka 3-5, nyuma yazo zikaba zigomba gusimburwa, ibyo bikaba byongera ikiguzi cyo kuzikoresha. Mu bukungu, biragoye kubona uburyo bwinshi bwo kuzikoresha no kuzikoresha, bityo ntizikwiriye gukoreshwa ahantu amashanyarazi yoroshye.
Ariko, ifite ubushobozi bwo gukoresha neza ingo ziri mu turere tudafite umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi cyangwa umuriro ubura kenshi. Cyane cyane kugira ngo ukemure ikibazo cy'urumuri iyo umuriro ubuze, ushobora gukoresha amatara ya DC agabanya ingufu, ni ingirakamaro cyane. Kubwibyo, sitasiyo z'amashanyarazi zikoresha imirasire y'izuba zikoreshwa mu turere tudakora cyangwa mu turere dufite umuriro ubura kenshi.
(2)Ihujwe n'urusobe rw'amaziIngufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zikoresha imirasire y'izuba bivuze ko zigomba guhuzwa n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi rusange, bivuze ko ikigo cy'amashanyarazi gikoresha imirasire y'izuba, umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wo mu rugo n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi rusange bihujwe. Iyi ni sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba igomba kwishingikiriza ku muyoboro w'amashanyarazi usanzweho kugira ngo ikore. Igizwe ahanini n'imashini zikoresha imirasire y'izuba ..., umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ukomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ukoresha imirasire y'izuba uhinduka 220V-380V na inverter.
Umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi usimburana nawo ukoreshwa mu guha ingufu ibikoresho byo mu rugo. Iyo inganda zikoresha imirasire y’izuba zo ku gisenge zitanga amashanyarazi menshi kurusha ayo zikoresha, ayo asigaye yoherezwa ku muyoboro rusange. Iyo umusaruro w’amashanyarazi uturuka ku ishanyarazi rya photovoltaic ryo mu rugo udashobora guhaza ibyo ibikoresho byo mu rugo bikenewe, uhita wongerwamo mu muyoboro. Igikorwa cyose kigenzurwa mu buryo bw’ubwenge, nta gucana cyangwa kuzimya kw’umuntu.
Niba ushishikajwe n'iki gicuruzwa, ushobora gukanda ku mfuruka yo hepfo iburyo, tuzaguhamagara vuba bishoboka.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-03-2023