Ungayithola Kanjani Imininingwane Yesilidi Sekhebula？

Indlela YokunqumaIlede LekhebulaImininingwane？

Ukukhetha imininingwane efanele ye-aileli yekhebulakuyisinyathelo esibalulekile kumaphrojekthi okuxhuma izintambo zikagesi, okuthinta ngqo ukuphepha kwesekethe, ukushabalaliswa kokushisa, kanye nokukhula kwesistimu. Usayizi ofanele udinga ukucatshangelwa okubanzi kwezilinganiso eziningi, okuhlanganisa amandla omshini, ukusetshenziswa kwesikhala, indawo yokusebenza, kanye nezidingo zokugcinwa kwesikhathi eside.

1. Ukuhlolwa Kwamandla Okuthwala Imithwalo
Amandla esakhiwo selidi lekhebula kumele anele ukusekela isisindo esiphelele esingaguquki sazo zonke izintambo (kufaka phakathi ama-conductor kanye nokufakwa kwe-insulation) kanye nanoma yimiphi imithwalo yesikhashana ephilayo engase yenzeke ngesikhathi sokufakwa noma ukulungiswa (isb., ukuhamba ngezinyawo zabasebenzi noma isisindo samathuluzi). Ukukhetha kufanele kusekelwe ezilinganisweni zomthwalo ezinikezwe umenzi, kuhlukaniswe phakathi kwezici zokuthwala umthwalo zezinto ezifana nensimbi ne-aluminium alloy, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iledi lihlala lizinzile ngokwesakhiwo ngaphansi komthwalo ogcwele.

2. Ukulawulwa Kwesilinganiso Sokugcwalisa Ikhebula
Ukuze kuvinjelwe umonakalo wokufakwa kwezintambo noma ukushabalaliswa kokushisa okubi okubangelwa ukuminyana ngokweqile, indawo ehlanganisa izintambo ngaphakathi kweleli kumele ilawulwe ngokuqinile. Amakhodi kagesi aphesheya (njengezindinganiso ze-NEC, i-IEC) ngokuvamile acacisa ukuthi indawo ephelele yezintambo akufanele idlule iphesenti elithile (ngokuvamile u-40%-50%) wendawo ecacile yangaphakathi yeleli. Ngokubala isilinganiso sesamba sobubanzi bezintambo nengxenye ehlanganisayo yeleli esebenza kahle, ububanzi obudingekayo kanye nokuphakama kwesitimela esiseceleni kunganqunywa.

3. Ukuzivumelanisa Nesimo Sokusebenza

• Imiphumela Yokushisa Nomswakama: Izindawo ezishisa kakhulu zidinga isikhala esandisiwe sekhebula noma izingxenye zezitebhisi ezijulile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukushabalaliswa kokushisa; izindawo ezimanzi kufanele zisebenzise izinto ezingagqwali njengensimbi egayiwe eshisayo, insimbi engagqwali, noma izembozo ezihlanganisiwe.
• Izidingo Zokuphepha Komlilo: Amasekethe okuvikela umlilo noma ezindaweni zomphakathi zokubuthana adinga amaladi ekhebula angashisi umlilo noma angashisi umlilo, okwakhiwa kwawo kumele kuhambisane nezitifiketi zokuphepha komlilo ezifanele.
• Ukuphazamiseka Kwama-Electromagnetic: Uma izintambo zamandla nezimpawu zabelana ngeleli elifanayo, izingxenye noma amaladi anezitezi eziningi kufanele asetshenziswe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuhambisana kwama-electromagnetic.

4. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwepharamitha Yesakhiwo

• Isikhala Sezingqimba: Isikhala esiseduze sezingqimba (ngaphansi kuka-150mm) sifanelekela ukusekela izintambo ezincane ezinobubanzi, kanti isikhala esibanzi (ngaphezu kuka-300mm) singcono ezintambo ezisindayo nezinkulu. Isikhala esithile kufanele silingane nerediyasi encane yokugoba yentambo.
• Umzila Wezitebhisi: Khetha izingxenye ezifana nokugoba okuvundlile, izinyusi eziqondile, kanye nezinciphisi ngokusekelwe endleleni yokufaka. Ukufakwa okwenziwe ngokwezifiso okungejwayelekile kungasetshenziswa ezimisweni eziyinkimbinkimbi.

5. Ukucushwa Kwesistimu Ehambisanayo

• Izinhlelo Zokusekela: Isikhala seziphanyeko kanye nezisekeli ze-trapeze kufanele sibalwe ngokubhekisela emikhawulweni yokuphambuka kweladi (ngokuvamile ≤ 1/200 yesikhala).
• Ukuvikela Ikhebula: Izindlela zokulwa nokudlidliza kufanele zifake phakathi izimbobo zekhebula, izisekelo zokubopha, nezinye izesekeli ukuvimbela ukugudluzwa kwekhebula.
• Ukusekela: Qinisekisa ukuthi ugesi uyaqhubeka phakathi nohambo, usebenzisa amabhande okubopha ethusi noma ama-clamp akhethekile okusekela ezindaweni zokuxhuma.

6. Ukuhlinzekwa Kokwanda Kwesikhathi Esizayo
Kunconywa ukufaka umkhawulo womklamo ongu-20%-30% ngesikhathi sokuhlela ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokwandiswa kwesekethe esikhathini esizayo. Kumasekethe anokwanda kwamandla, amaladi aqinile noma izakhiwo ezinwebekayo eziguquguqukayo zingafakwa kusengaphambili.

Inqubo Yokucacisa Enconyiwe

1. Thola izinhlobo zekhebula, ububanzi bangaphandle, kanye nesisindo samayunithi.
2. Bala umthwalo ophelele bese ukhetha kuqala izinto zeleli kanye nohlobo lwesakhiwo.
3. Hlola isilinganiso sokugcwalisa ukuze unqume ubukhulu bezingxenye eziphambene.
4. Khetha izinga lokuvikela elifanele ngokusekelwe ezicini zemvelo.
5. Yakha uhlelo lokusekela kanye nezingxenye ezikhethekile.
6. Qinisekisa ukuhambisana kwesistimu kanye nokufinyeleleka kokulungiswa.

Ngokusebenzisa le ndlela yokucacisa ehlelekile, izidingo zokufaka zamanje zingahlangatshezwana nazo ngenkathi futhi kuvunyelwana nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe yesikhathi esizayo, kufezwa izindleko ezinhle kakhulu zomjikelezo wokuphila. Kumaphrojekthi angempela, kunconywa ukusebenzisa isofthiwe yokuklama yobungcweti yokulingisa umthwalo nokuthola isiqinisekiso sobuchwepheshe kubaphakeli.