Izinhlelo Zokufaka I-Solar Photovoltaic: Umhlahlandlela Wokuhlaziya Nokukhetha Ochwepheshe

Izinhlelo Zokufaka I-Solar Photovoltaic: Umhlahlandlela Wokuhlaziya Nokukhetha Ochwepheshe

Ezinhlelweni zokuphehla ugesi nge-photovoltaic, kuyilapho amaphaneli elanga eyingxenye ebonakala kakhulu, uhlelo lokufaka ngaphansi kwawo lubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuphephile nokuzinzile. Izinhlelo zokufaka i-PV azigcini nje ngokuvikela amamojula kodwa futhi kumele zivumelane nezimo ezahlukene zokufakwa futhi ziqinisekise ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside. Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuhlaziywa okujulile kokwakheka, izindlela zokukhetha, kanye nezici zemikhiqizo evamile yezinhlelo zokufaka i-PV.

1. Umsebenzi kanye nokubaluleka kwe-PVIzinhlelo Zokufaka

Uhlelo lokufaka i-PV (olwaziwa nangokuthi uhlelo lokufaka i-PV) luyisakhiwo sensimbi esisetshenziselwa ukulungisa amamojula e-PV ngokuthembekile ezindaweni ezahlukene (njengophahla noma phansi). Izinto zalo eziyinhloko yi-aluminium alloy, amandla okulinganisela kanye nezidingo ezilula, okwenza lufaneleke kakhulu ezimweni ezinomthamo olinganiselwe womthwalo wophahla. Nakuba izinhlelo zokufaka zibiza cishe u-3% wezindleko zesistimu iyonke (ngokusho kwedatha ye-NREL), ziyisici esiyinhloko esithinta ukuphepha nokuqina kwesistimu.

2. Izingxenye Eziyinhloko Zesistimu Yokufaka i-PV

Uhlelo oluphelele lokufaka i-PV luvame ukufaka izingxenye ezilandelayo:

Ukukhanya Okungangeni Manzi

Ukufakwa kokubhoboza uphahla kudinga ukukhanya okungangeni manzi ukuvimbela ukuvuza. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngamashidi e-aluminium futhi kufakwe ngaphansi kwama-shingle e-asphalt ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Ukuze uthole izinto zokuphahla ezikhethekile ezifana namathayela obumba, insimbi, noma irabha, ukukhanya okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kuyadingeka.

Izikhonkwane Zokusekela

Izikhonkwane ziyizixhumi ezithwala umthwalo phakathi kwesistimu nophahla, ziqinisa ukukhanya kwezindonga zophahla ngamabhawodi. Kudingeka ukuhlolwa kwendawo yokuqala ngaphambi kokufakwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla okuthwala umthwalo kanye nesikhala sezindonga kuhlangabezana nezidingo zokufakwa.

Imizila

Isebenza njengohlaka oluthwala umthwalo lwamamojula, ama-rails aqiniswa ngokuqondile noma ngokuvundlile ophahleni ngokusebenzisa izikhonkwane. Ngaphandle komsebenzi wawo wokusekela, ahlinzeka ngeziteshi zokuphathwa kwekhebula, ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kohlelo kanye nobuhle. Ngaphezu kwezixazululo zesitimela ezivamile, kukhona imiklamo emisha efana nezinhlelo zesitimela ezingenazo izitimela kanye nesitimela esabiwe.

Ama-clamp

Amamojula aqiniswa kuma-rails kusetshenziswa ama-mid-clamp kanye nama-end-clamp. Ama-mid-clamp asetshenziswa phakathi kwamamojula aseduze, kuyilapho ama-end-clamp ebekwe emaphethelweni e-array futhi ngokuvamile anikeza amandla okukhiya aqinile.

3. Izici Zobuchwepheshe Zemikhiqizo Yokufaka I-PV Ejwayelekile

Abafaki bavame ukukhetha izinhlobo zabalingani ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lophahla. Lokhu okulandelayo kuyizixazululo ezivamile emakethe:

I-SnapNrack

I-Ultra Rail Roof Mount System, eyinkampani eseCalifornia, inomklamo osheshayo wokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokufakwa. Inikeza izixazululo zokufaka phansi kanye nezinhlelo ezihlanganiswe kusengaphambili, okunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokusebenza ophahleni.

I-Unirac

Umkhiqizo wayo uhlanganisa izimo zokuhlala nezebhizinisi, ezifanelekela uphahla olugobile, uphahla oluyisicaba, kanye nokufakwa okufakwe phansi. Njengoba ihlanganyele kumaphrojekthi angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-2.5, inolwazi oluningi lokusebenzisa.

I-IronRidge

Njengoba idume ngamandla ayo okwakheka, izinhlelo zayo zophahla ezigobile ziye zahlolwa ezindaweni ezimbi kakhulu njengezindawo zaseFlorida ezinesivinini esikhulu seziphepho. Isebenza kusukela ngawo-1990, inezinzuzo zobuchwepheshe ekumelaneni nomthwalo womoya kanye nokuvikela ukugqwala.

I-PV Yokukhweza Okusheshayo kanye ne-EcoFasten

Kugxilwe ezixazululweni zophahla olukhethekile:

Uphahla Lwensimbi Olunemithungo Emiyo: Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokubopha obungenalo ukungena, obunamathisela ngqo emithungweni yophahla, uqede izingozi zokuvuza futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokufakwa.

Uphahla Lwamathayela Lobumba/lwaseSpain: Kuthuthukiswe izinto zokufaka esikhundleni amathayela ezishintsha amathayela ophahla akhona ngenkathi kuhlanganiswa ukuvikela amanzi, okugwema ukulimala kwezinto eziphukayo.

I-AllEarth Renewables

Uchwepheshe ezinhlelweni zokulandelela ezifakwe phansi. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokulandelela obune-axis ekabili, lezi zinhlelo zivumela amamojula ukulandela indlela yelanga ngesikhathi sangempela, okwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla ngo-20-40% uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo ezizinzile, okwenza zifaneleke kumaphrojekthi anesikhala esanele futhi agxile ekusebenzeni kahle.

4. Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele ZicatshangelweUhlelo LokufakaUkukhetha

Ukuhambisana Kophahla: Ukukhetha kumele kuhambisane nezinto zokwakha uphahla (i-asphalt shingle/i-metal/i-clay tile, njll.), i-slope, kanye nomthamo womthwalo wesakhiwo.

Ukwakhiwa Kokuvimbela Ukungenwa Kwamanzi Nokukhipha Amanzi: Ukufakwa kokungena kumele kuqinisekise izinga eliphezulu lokuvala ukuvimbela ukungenwa kwamanzi, kuyilapho izixazululo ezingangeni zidinga ukuqinisekiswa kwamandla okubopha kanye nokuhambisana kophahla.

Ukuphathwa Kwekhebula: Ukwakheka kwethreyi yekhebula elihlanganisiwe kuthinta ukuhleleka kohlelo kanye nokulula kokulungisa.

Imithwalo Yomoya Neqhwa: Kumelwe ihambisane nemithetho yokwakha yendawo kanye nezidingo zomklamo wokumelana nomoya neqhwa.

Ukusebenza Kahle Kokufaka: Umklamo we-Modular kanye namakhono okuhlanganisa umhlabathi ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kuthinta kakhulu isikhathi sokwakha.

Isiphetho

Njengesixhumanisi esibalulekile esixhumanisa amayunithi okukhiqiza ugesi nesakhiwo sesakhiwo, ukukhethwa kohlelo lokufaka i-PV kuthinta ngqo ukuphepha kokusebenza kanye nomphumela wokusebenza kuyo yonke impilo yesistimu yeminyaka engama-25. Kunconywa ukuthi abanikazi babeke phambili abafaki abanamakhono okuklama ochwepheshe kanye nobudlelwano obufanelekile nemikhiqizo ehlonishwayo, okuqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa okuphelele kohlelo lwe-PV nendawo yokwakha ngezixazululo zokufaka ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.

(Lesi sihloko sihlanganiswe ngokusekelwe ezindinganisweni zobuchwepheshe zemboni ye-PV kanye nedatha yomphakathi yomkhiqizi; izixazululo ezithile zidinga ukunqunywa ngemva kokuhlolwa endaweni.)