◉Emphakathini wanamuhla, insimbi engagqwali isibe yinto evamile nebalulekile esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni, ekukhiqizeni nasekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zensimbi engagqwali, okuhlanganisa amamodeli avamile afana no-201, 304 kanye no-201.316.
Kodwa-ke, kulabo abangaqondi izakhiwo zezinto zokwakha, kulula ukudideka ngomehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo. Lesi sihloko sizochaza umehluko phakathi kwensimbi engagqwali 201, 304 kanye no-316 ukusiza abafundi baqonde kangcono izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto zensimbi engagqwali futhi sinikeze iziphakamiso zokuthenga insimbi engagqwali.
◉Okokuqala, umehluko ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali
Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwensimbi engagqwali kuyisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni ukusebenza kwayo kanye nezici zayo.Insimbi engagqwali 201, 304 kanye no-316 kunomehluko osobala ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali. Insimbi engagqwali 201 iqukethe i-chromium engu-17.5% -19.5%, i-nickel engu-3.5% -5.5%, i-nitrogen engu-0.1% -0.5%, kodwa ayikho i-molybdenum.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, insimbi engagqwali 304 iqukethe i-chromium engu-18%-20%, i-nickel engu-8%-10.5%, futhi ayinayo i-nitrogen noma i-molybdenum. Ngokuphambene nalokho, insimbi engagqwali 316 iqukethe i-chromium engu-16%-18%, i-nickel engu-10%-14%, kanye ne-molybdenum engu-2%-3%. Kusukela ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali, insimbi engagqwali 316 inokumelana okuphezulu kokugqwala kanye nokumelana ne-asidi, efanelekile ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izindawo ezikhethekile kunensimbi engagqwali engu-201 kanye ne-304.
◉Okwesibili, umehluko ekumelaneni nokugqwala
Ukumelana nokugqwala kuyisibonakaliso esibalulekile sokusebenza kwensimbi engagqwali. Insimbi engagqwali 201 inokumelana okuhle nokugqwala kuma-asidi amaningi e-organic, ama-asidi angaphili kanye nezixazululo zikasawoti ekamelweni lokushisa, kodwa izogqwala endaweni enamandla ene-alkaline. Insimbi engagqwali 304 inokumelana okuhle nokugqwala futhi ifanelekela izindawo eziningi ezivamile zokugqwala.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, insimbi engagqwali 316 iphumelela kakhulu ekumelaneni nokugqwala, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezine-asidi kanye nezimo zokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, okuvame ukusetshenziswa kumakhemikhali, olwandle kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga izinto zensimbi engagqwali, kubalulekile ukukhetha imodeli efanele ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa okukhethekile kwezindawo ezahlukene.
◉Okwesithathu, umehluko ezimpahleni zemishini
Izakhiwo zensimbi engagqwali zifaka phakathi izinkomba ezifana namandla, ukuqina kanye nokuqina. Ngokuvamile, amandla ensimbi engagqwali 201 aphezulu kancane kunensimbi engagqwali 304, kodwa aphansi kakhulu kunensimbi engagqwali 316. Insimbi engagqwali 201 kanye no-304 zinamandla okuqina okuhle, kulula ukuzicubungula nokuzibumba, zifanele ezinye zezidingo zokusebenza kokucubungula izinto zezikhathi eziphakeme.
Amandla aphezulu ensimbi engagqwali 316, kodwa futhi inokumelana okuhle nokuguguleka kanye nokumelana nokudonseka, efanelekela ukumelana namandla aphezulu kanye nendawo yokusebenza enokushisa okuphezulu. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha izinto zensimbi engagqwali, udinga ukwenza ukukhetha okufanele ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zemishini kanye nokusetshenziswa kwendawo.
◉Okwesine, umehluko wentengo
Kukhona futhi umehluko entengo yensimbi engagqwali engu-201, 304 kanye no-316. Ngokuvamile, intengo yensimbi engagqwali engu-201 iphansi kakhulu, ithengeka kalula. Intengo yensimbi engagqwali engu-304 iphakeme kakhulu, kodwa ngenxa yobubanzi bayo bokusetshenziswa kanye nokusebenza okungcono kakhulu, isengenye yamamodeli ensimbi engagqwali avame kakhulu emakethe.
◉ Insimbi engagqwali 316 ibiza kakhulu ngenxa yokumelana kwayo nokugqwala okuhle kanye nezakhiwo zayo zemishini, futhi ifanelekela ezinye izinkambu ezikhethekile ezidinga izakhiwo zezinto eziphezulu. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga izinto zensimbi engagqwali, udinga ukucabangela izici ezifana nokusebenza kwezinto kanye nesabelomali.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-29-2024