Iinkqubo zokuFakela iLangaAmandla Aphambili Aqhuba Ikamva Lamandla Aguquguqukayo LaseTshayina
Kwixesha elikhulu lotshintsho lwamandla, iinkqubo zokufakelwa kwelanga ziye zavela kwizakhiwo ezingabonakaliyo ezixhasayo ngasemva ukuya kwiteknoloji ephambili esemgangathweni emisela ukusebenza kakuhle kwezityalo zamandla ze-photovoltaic (PV), iphucula ixabiso leshishini liphela, kwaye iqinisekisa uzinzo lwegridi. Ngokuhambela phambili kweenjongo ze-"dual carbon" zaseTshayina kunye nobunkokeli bayo obuqhubekayo kwihlabathi liphela kumandla afakwe yilanga, ukuhamba ngaphaya kokwandiswa okulula ukuze kufezekiswe ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga okusebenzayo ngakumbi, okukrelekrele, nokunobuhlobo negridi kube yingxaki ephambili kushishino. Phakathi kwezisombululo, iinkqubo zokufakelwa kwelanga ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokujongana nale mingeni kunye nokubumba inkqubo yamandla ekrelekrele yexesha elizayo.
I. Umsebenzi weNkqubo kunye nexabiso leSicwangciso: Ukusuka ku-“Fixer” ukuya ku-“Enabler”
Inkqubo yokufakelwa kwelangaEzi zixhobo, ezisebenza njengesiseko esibonakalayo sezityalo zamandla ze-PV, zenziwe ngentsimbi enamandla okanye ii-alloys ze-aluminium ezikhaphukhaphu. Umsebenzi wazo udlulela ngaphaya kokuqinisekisa nje kuphela iimodyuli ze-PV eziqinileyo eluphahleni okanye emhlabeni. Zisebenza njenge "skeleton" kunye "namalungu" esityalo samandla, ukuqinisekisa kungekuphela nje ukuba iimodyuli zihlala zikhuselekile kwaye ziphilile amashumi eminyaka phakathi kweemeko ezinzima ezifana nomoya, imvula, ikhephu, umkhenkce, kunye nokugqwala, kodwa zikwamisela i-engile efanelekileyo kunye nolwalathiso lweemodyuli ukuze zifumane ukukhanya kwelanga ngoyilo oluchanekileyo lobunjineli.
Okwangoku, imeko-bume yobuchwephesha yeenkqubo zokufakela kwizikhululo zamandla ezinkulu zaseTshayina ezifakwe emhlabeni ibonisa ibhalansi eguquguqukayo, kunye neenkqubo zokuthambekela okuzinzileyo kunye neenkqubo zokulandelela ezisabelana ngokulinganayo kwimarike. Iinkqubo zokuthambekela okuzinzileyo, kunye neenzuzo zazo zesakhiwo esilula, ukuqina, ukuqina, kunye neendleko zotyalo-mali oluphantsi kunye nokugcinwa, zihlala zilukhetho olungapheliyo kwiiprojekthi ezininzi ezilandela imbuyekezo ezinzileyo. Iinkqubo zokulandelela, kwelinye icala, zimele ulwalathiso oluphambili lobuchwepheshe. Zilinganisa umgaqo olandela ilanga "wee-sunflowers," zilandelela ngokukhutheleyo intshukumo ebonakalayo yelanga ngokujikeleza kwe-single-axis okanye i-dual-axis. Le teknoloji inokunyusa kakhulu ixesha lokuvelisa umbane elisebenzayo leemodyuli ze-PV ngexesha le-angle ephantsi yelanga, njengasekuseni nangokuhlwa, ngaloo ndlela inyusa imveliso yombane iyonke yenkqubo nge-10% ukuya kwi-25%, kunye neenzuzo ezinkulu zoqoqosho.
Olu nyuko lokuveliswa kwamandla lunexabiso elikhulu lesicwangciso-qhinga elidlula imida yeeprojekthi nganye. Ukuveliswa kwamandla e-PV kune-"duck curve" yendalo, kunye nencopho yokukhupha kwayo edla ngokugxininiswa emini, engasoloko ihambelana ngokugqibeleleyo neencopho zomthwalo wegridi kwaye inokwenza uxinzelelo olukhulu lokufunxa ngexesha elithile. Igalelo eliphambili leenkqubo zokulandelela lixhomekeke kubuchule bazo "bokutshintsha" kunye "nokolula" incopho yokuveliswa kwamandla emini egxininisiweyo ukuya kwiincopho zokusetyenziswa kombane kusasa nangokuhlwa, okuvelisa i-curve yokukhupha amandla ethambileyo nehlala ixesha elide. Oku akunciphisi nje kuphela uxinzelelo lokucheba oluphezulu kwigridi kwaye kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko "wamandla elanga anqunyelweyo" kodwa kwakhona, ngokubonelela ngombane omninzi ngexesha leerhafu eziphezulu, kuphucula kakhulu izinga langaphakathi lembuyekezo kwiiprojekthi ze-PV. Oku kudala imeko yokuphumelela kwexabiso lorhwebo kunye nokhuseleko lwegridi, okwenza umjikelo olungileyo.
II. Izicelo ezahlukeneyo kunye neNkqubo yezeNdalo yeShishini: Intsebenziswano eqhutywa bubuchule kunye ne-Full-Chain
Ububanzi nobunzulu bemarike yelanga yaseTshayina bubonelela ngenqanaba elikhulu kakhulu lokuvelisa izinto ezintsha kwiinkqubo zokufakela. Iimeko zazo zokusetyenziswa ziye zanda ukusuka kwizityalo zamandla ezisemgangathweni ezifakwe emhlabeni kunye neenkqubo zophahla lwemizi-mveliso ukuya kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi bentlalo, zibonisa izinga eliphezulu lokwahlukahluka kunye nokudibanisa: Iifotovoltaic eziDibeneyo zeSakhiwo (BIPV): Ukudibanisa iimodyuli zePV njengezixhobo zokwakha ngokwazo zibe ziifacade, iindonga zekhethini, iibalconi, kwanophahla, kuguqula isakhiwo ngasinye ukusuka ekubeni ngumthengi wamandla nje sibe "yiprosumer," emele indlela ebalulekileyo yokuhlaziya uhlaza lwasezidolophini.
1. Ii-Photovoltaics zezoLimo (i-Agri-PV): Ngokusebenzisa uyilo olutsha oluphezulu lwezakhiwo, indawo eyaneleyo igcinelwe ukusebenza koomatshini abakhulu bezolimo, izalisekisa ngokupheleleyo imodeli ehambelanayo "yokuveliswa kwamandla aluhlaza ngaphezulu, ukulima okuluhlaza ngaphantsi." Oku kuvelisa umbane ococekileyo ngelixa kukhusela ukhuseleko lokutya kwesizwe kunye nokwandisa ingeniso yabalimi, kufezekisa ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kwezixhobo zomhlaba ngokufanelekileyo.
2. Iimoto zeLanga: Ukwakha iimoto zePV phezu kweendawo zokupaka iimoto kunye neekhampasi kulo lonke ilizwe kubonelela ngomthunzi kunye nendawo yokukhusela izithuthi ngelixa kuvelisa umbane oluhlaza kwindawo leyo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwiindawo zorhwebo, amaziko karhulumente, kunye neepaki zoshishino.
3.I-Floating Photovoltaics (FPV): Ukuphuhlisa iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo zokufakela ezidadayo kwiindawo zokugcina amanzi ezininzi zaseTshayina, amachibi, kunye namachibi eentlanzi ngaphandle kokuthatha umhlaba oxabisekileyo. Le ndlela inokunciphisa ngempumelelo ukufuma kwamanzi kwaye ithintele ukukhula kwe-algae, ifezekise iingenelo zendalo "zokuhambelana kokuloba nokukhanya" kunye "nokuveliswa kwamandla emanzini."
Ukuxhasa le ndawo iphumelelayo yesicelo kukuba iTshayina inelungelo loshishino lwe-PV olupheleleyo nolukhuphisanayo kwihlabathi, apho icandelo lokuvelisa iinkqubo zokufakela liyinxalenye ebalulekileyo. ITshayina ayisiyo nje kuphela umvelisi omkhulu weenkqubo zokufakela emhlabeni kodwa ikwakhulise amashishini amaninzi aphambili anezakhono zophando nophuhliso oluqinileyo kunye nezibonelelo zesisombululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso. Ukusuka kwizakhiwo ezizinzileyo ezingamelani nomoya nesanti zeentlango ukuya kwiinkqubo zokulandelela eziguquguqukayo ezenzelwe umhlaba onzima weentaba, kunye neemveliso ezahlukeneyo zokufakela zokuhlala kwiinkqubo zokusasazwa kwesithili sonke, iinkampani zeenkqubo zokufakela zaseTshayina zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zazo zonke iimeko kunye neemarike zehlabathi. Esi siseko sokuvelisa esomeleleyo asiyonto nje yesicwangciso sokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwamandla esizwe kunye nolawulo kodwa sikwadale nemisebenzi emininzi kuqoqosho lwasekuhlaleni, siqhuba ngokuqhubekayo ubugcisa kunye nokuphuculwa kwemizi-mveliso kwiindawo ezinxulumene noko.
III. Imbono Yekamva: Uphuhliso Olubini Lobukrelekrele NeSayensi Yezixhobo
Ukujonga phambili, inguquiinkqubo zokufakelwa kwelangaiya kudityaniswa nzulu nedijithali kunye nobukrelekrele. Isizukulwana esilandelayo seenkqubo zokulandelela ezikrelekrele siya kudlula ukulandelela okulula okusekwe kwi-algorithm yeenkwenkwezi, siguqukele kwi "iiyunithi zokuqonda ezikrelekrele kunye nokusebenza" kwesityalo samandla. Ziya kudibanisa nzulu idatha yemozulu yexesha langempela, imiyalelo yokuthunyelwa kwegridi, kunye nemiqondiso yamaxabiso ombane ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, zisebenzisa ii-algorithms ezisekwe kwilifu ukwenza ngcono kwihlabathi liphela kunye nokulungisa amaqhinga okusebenza ngokuguquguqukayo ukuze kufunyanwe ibhalansi efanelekileyo phakathi kokuveliswa kombane, ukuguguleka kwezixhobo, kunye nemfuno yegridi, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa ixabiso lesityalo samandla kulo lonke ixesha laso lobomi.
Kwangaxeshanye, iqhutywa yingcamango "yokuvelisa okuluhlaza," ukujongana nokuguquguquka kwexabiso lezinto eziluhlaza kunye nokunciphisa ngakumbi umngcipheko wekhabhoni kulo lonke ixesha lobomi bemveliso, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezivuselelekayo, izinto ezidityanisiweyo ezinamandla aphezulu, kunye nee-alloys ze-aluminium ezijikelezayo ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwakhona, ekuveliseni iinkqubo zokufakela kuya kukhula rhoqo. Uvavanyo lwe-Lifecycle luya kuba yinto ephambili ekuyilweni kwemveliso, lutyhalela lonke uthotho lweshishini kwicala elinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kunye nelizinzileyo.
Isiphelo
Ngamafutshane, iinkqubo zokufakelwa kwelanga zitshintshe ngempumelelo ukusuka "kwizilungisi" nje ukuya "kwiziphuculi zokusebenza kakuhle" kunye "nabalingani begridi" bokuvelisa umbane welanga. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obutsha obuqhubekayo kunye nokwandiswa kwezicelo ezininzi, babandakanyeka kakhulu kwaye baxhasa ngamandla imizamo yaseTshayina yokwakha inkqubo yamandla acocekileyo eqinileyo, esebenzayo, neguquguqukayo. Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwii-algorithms ezikrelekrele kunye nobuchwepheshe obutsha bezinto, eli candelo lehardware elibonakala lisisiseko limiselwe ukudlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi kwibali elikhulu loguquko lwamandla lwehlabathi, libonelela ngenkxaso eqinileyo yekamva eliluhlaza eTshayina nakwihlabathi liphela.
Ixesha leposi: Oktobha-31-2025