Iinkqubo zokuFakela i-Solar Photovoltaic: Isikhokelo soHlalutyo loBuchule kunye neSikhokelo soKhetho

Iinkqubo zokuFakela i-Solar Photovoltaic: Isikhokelo soHlalutyo loBuchule kunye neSikhokelo soKhetho

Kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa umbane nge-photovoltaic, ngelixa iiphaneli zelanga ziyinxalenye ebonakalayo, inkqubo yokufaka phantsi kwazo ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokuzinzileyo. Iinkqubo zokufaka i-PV azisebenzeli nje kuphela ukukhusela iimodyuli kodwa kufuneka zilungelelanise neemeko ezahlukeneyo zomphezulu wokufakelwa kwaye ziqinisekise ukuthembeka kwexesha elide. Eli nqaku libonelela ngohlalutyo olunzulu lokwakheka, iikhrayitheriya zokukhetha, kunye neempawu zeempawu eziphambili zeenkqubo zokufaka i-PV.

1. Umsebenzi kunye nokubaluleka kwe-PVIinkqubo zokuFaka

Inkqubo yokufaka i-PV (ekwaziwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokufaka i-PV) sisakhiwo sesinyithi esisetyenziselwa ukutywina ngokuthembekileyo iimodyuli ze-PV kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo (ezifana nophahla okanye umhlaba). Izinto zayo eziphambili yi-aluminium alloy, amandla okulinganisela kunye neemfuno ezikhaphukhaphu, okwenza ukuba ifaneleke ngokukodwa kwiimeko ezinomthamo omncinci womthwalo wophahla. Nangona iinkqubo zokufakela zithatha malunga ne-3% kuphela yeendleko zenkqubo iyonke (ngokwedatha ye-NREL), zizinto eziphambili ezichaphazela ukhuseleko kunye nokuqina kwenkqubo.

2. Izinto eziphambili zeNkqubo yokuFakela i-PV

Inkqubo epheleleyo yokufakela i-PV idla ngokuquka ezi zinto zilandelayo:

Ukukhanya okungangeni manzi

Ukufakelwa kophahla lwendlu kufuna ii-flashing ezingangeni manzi ukuthintela ukuvuza. Ezi zihlala zenziwe ngee-aluminium sheeting kwaye zifakwa phantsi kwee-asphalt shingles ngexesha lokufakelwa. Kwizinto ezizodwa zokuphahla ezifana neethayile zodongwe, isinyithi, okanye irabha, ii-flashing ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ziyafuneka.

IiNqanaba zeNkxaso

Izikhonkwane zezixhumi ezithwala umthwalo phakathi kwenkqubo nophahla, ziqinisekisa ukuba ukukhanya kwee-rafters zophahla kusetyenziswa iibholiti. Kufuneka uvavanyo lokuqala lwendawo ngaphambi kokufakwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba amandla okuthwala umthwalo kunye nendawo yee-rafters ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zokufakelwa.

Iireli

Zisebenza njengomqolo othwala umthwalo weemodyuli, iireli ziqiniswa ngokuthe nkqo okanye ngokuthe tye eluphahleni ngee-mounts. Ngaphaya komsebenzi wazo wokuxhasa, zibonelela ngeendlela zokulawula iintambo, ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwenkqubo kunye nobuhle bayo. Ukongeza kwizisombululo zesitimela zesiqhelo, kukho uyilo olutsha olufana neenkqubo zesitimela ezingenazitimela kunye neenkqubo zesitimela esabelwana ngazo.

Iiklimpu

Iimodyuli zibotshelelwe kwiireyile kusetyenziswa ii-mid-clamps kunye nee-end-clamps. Ii-mid-clamps zisetyenziswa phakathi kwee-modules ezikufutshane, ngelixa ii-end-clamps zibekwe eziphelweni ze-array kwaye zihlala zinika amandla okutshixa aqinileyo.

3. Iimpawu zobugcisa zeeMveliso zokuFakela zePV eziPhambili

Abafaki badla ngokukhetha iimpawu zamaqabane ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lophahla. Ezi zilandelayo zizisombululo eziphambili kwimarike:

I-SnapNrack

Le yinkampani eseCalifornia, i-Ultra Rail Roof Mount System yayo enoyilo olukhawulezileyo lokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kofakelo. Inikezela ngezisombululo zokufakelwa emhlabeni kunye neenkqubo ezihlanganisiweyo kwangaphambili, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokusebenza eluphahleni.

I-Unirac

Uluhlu lwayo lwemveliso lugubungela iimeko zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo, ezifanelekileyo kuphahla olufakwe phantsi, uphahla oluthe tyaba, kunye nokufakelwa okuxhonywe emhlabeni. Ekubeni ithathe inxaxheba kwiiprojekthi ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2.5, inamava amaninzi okusebenzisa.

I-IronRidge

Idume ngamandla ayo okwakha, iinkqubo zayo zophahla ezigobileyo ziye zavavanywa kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu ezifana neendawo ezineenkanyamba ezikhawulezayo eFlorida. Isebenza ukususela ngeminyaka yoo-1990, inezibonelelo zobugcisa ekumelaneni nomthwalo womoya kunye nokukhusela ukugqwala.

I-PV yokuFastenza ngokukhawuleza kunye ne-EcoFasten

Igxile kwizisombululo zophahla olukhethekileyo:

Iiphahla zeMetal ezinemithungo emileyo: Sebenzisa iteknoloji yokubamba engenakungena, incamathise ngqo kwiimthungo zophahla, isuse iingozi zokuvuza kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kofakelo.

Iithayile zodongwe/zaseSpain: Zenziwe izixhobo zokufaka iithayile endaweni yeethayile ezikhoyo ngelixa zidityaniswe nokuthintela ukungenwa kwamanzi, zithintela ukonakala kwezinto eziqhekekayo.

Izinto eziVuselelekayo ze-AllEarth

Ingcali kwiinkqubo zokulandelela ezifakwe emhlabeni. Zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokulandelela obune-axis ezimbini, ezi nkqubo zivumela iimodyuli ukuba zilandele indlela yelanga ngexesha langempela, zinyusa ukuveliswa kwamandla ngama-20-40% xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo ezizinzileyo, nto leyo ezenza zifaneleke kwiiprojekthi ezinesithuba esaneleyo kwaye zigxile ekusebenzeni kakuhle.

4. Izinto eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselweInkqubo yokuQhoboshelaUkhetho

Ukuhambelana kophahla: Ukhetho kufuneka luhambelane nezinto zophahla (i-asphalt shingle/i-metal/i-clay tile, njl.njl.), i-slope, kunye nomthamo womthwalo wesakhiwo.

Uyilo lokungangeni manzi kunye nokukhupha amanzi: Ukufakelwa kokungena kufuneka kuqinisekise ukuba kukho umlinganiselo ophezulu wokutywina kokungena kwamanzi, ngelixa izisombululo ezingangeniyo zifuna ukuqinisekiswa kwamandla okubamba kunye nokuhambelana kophahla.

Ulawulo lweeCable: Uyilo oludibeneyo lwetreyi yeCable luchaphazela ukucoceka kwenkqubo kunye nokulula kokugcinwa kwayo.

Imithwalo Yomoya Nekhephu: Kufuneka ithobele imithetho yezakhiwo zasekuhlaleni kunye neemfuno zoyilo lokumelana nomoya nekhephu.

Ukusebenza kakuhle kofakelo: Uyilo lwemodyuli kunye nobuchule bokuhlanganisa umhlaba ngaphambi kokuba udityaniswe buchaphazela kakhulu ixesha lokwakha.

Isiphelo

Njengekhonkco elibalulekileyo elidibanisa iiyunithi zokuvelisa umbane kwisakhiwo sesakhiwo, ukukhethwa kwenkqubo yokufaka i-PV kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukhuseleko lokusebenza kunye nemveliso yokusebenza kuyo yonke iminyaka engama-25 yobomi benkqubo. Kucetyiswa ukuba abanini babeke phambili abafaki abanezakhono zoyilo zobungcali kunye nobudlelwane obufanelekileyo kunye neempawu ezidumileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa okugqibeleleyo kwenkqubo ye-PV kunye nendawo yokwakha ngokusebenzisa izisombululo zokufakela ezenzelwe wena.

(Eli nqaku liqulunqwe ngokusekelwe kwimigangatho yobugcisa boshishino lwe-PV kunye nedatha kawonke-wonke yomenzi; izisombululo ezithile zifuna ukuqinisekiswa emva kokuhlolwa kwindawo.)