Iiphaneli zelangaziye zaba lilitye lesiseko lamandla avuselelekayo, zisebenzisa amandla elanga ukuvelisa umbane. Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye engaphakathi kwiphaneli yelanga evumela ukuba iguqule ukukhanya kwelanga kube ngamandla asebenzisekayo? Ukuqonda izinto ezikwiphaneli yelanga kunceda ukucacisa itekhnoloji kwaye kuqaqambise ukubaluleka kwayo ekulweni notshintsho lwemozulu.
Embindini wephaneli yelanga kukho iiseli ze-photovoltaic (PV), ezidla ngokwenziwa nge-silicon. I-Silicon yinto ye-semiconductor efunxa ukukhanya kwelanga ize iyiguqule ibe ngumbane. Ezi seli zicwangciswe ngendlela yegridi kwaye ngumsebenzi ophambili wephaneli yelanga. Xa ukukhanya kwelanga kubetha iseli ye-PV, kuyavuselela ii-electron, kwenze umsinga wombane. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-photovoltaic effect.
Ukongeza kwiiseli ze-photovoltaic,iiphaneli zelangaziqulathe ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo. Iphepha elingasemva lidla ngokwenziwa ngepolymer eqinileyo kwaye libonelela ngobushushu kunye nokhuseleko kwiiseli. Iphepha elingaphambili lidla ngokwenziwa ngeglasi eqinisiweyo, ekhusela iiseli kwizinto ezingqongileyo ngelixa ivumela ukukhanya kwelanga ukuba kudlule. Iglasi idla ngokugqunywa ngengubo engabonisi ukukhanya ukuze kufumaneke ukukhanya okuninzi.
Iiphaneli zelanga zikwaqulathe ibhokisi yokuxhumanisa egcina uqhagamshelo lombane kwaye ihambisa umbane ovelisiweyo kwi-inverter. I-inverter ibalulekile kuba iguqula umbane othe ngqo (DC) oveliswa ziiphaneli zelanga ube ngumbane otshintshanayo (AC), uhlobo lombane olusetyenziswa ngamakhaya namashishini.
Isakhelo seiphaneli yelangaNgokwesiqhelo yenziwe nge-aluminium, enika inkxaso kwisakhiwo kwaye iququzelele ukufakelwa. Ezi zinto zisebenza kunye ukubamba ukukhanya kwelanga kwaye ziguqulele ekubeni ngamandla acocekileyo, avuselelekayo, okwenza iiphaneli zelanga zibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezisombululo zamandla ezizinzileyo. Ukuqonda ukwakheka kwephaneli yelanga akubonisi nje kuphela ubunzima bayo, kodwa kukwatyhila namathuba ayo okutshintsha imeko yethu yamandla.
→ Ngazo zonke iimveliso, iinkonzo kunye nolwazi oluhlaziyiweyo, ncedaQhagamshelana nathi.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-23-2025