I-Shanghai Qinkai Industry Co., Ltd. Iletha Izibalo Zokusekela Ezithuthukisiwe Ze-Seismic zephrojekthi ye-St. Lucia Halls of Justice

I-CASTRIES, eSt. Lucia naseSHANGHAI, eShayina — Ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu kwengqalasizinda yaseCaribbean kanye nokuphepha komphakathi, iShanghai Qinkai Industry Co., Ltd., umkhiqizi ohamba phambili emhlabeni wonke kanye nomklami wezinhlelo zokuphathwa kwezintambo zezimboni kanye nokusekelwa kokuzamazama komhlaba, iphumelele ukuletha umbiko ophelele woKwakha Nokubalwa Kokusekelwa Kokuzamazama komhlaba wephrojekthi ehlonishwayo yaseSt. Lucia Halls of Justice (HOJ). ichaza ubunjiniyela bemishini obuqinile, ukubalwa komthwalo, kanye nokuqinisekiswa kokuphepha kwesakhiwo okwenziwe ezinhlelweni zokusekelwa kokuzamazama komhlaba ezimisiwe ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sezomthetho esiyingqayizivele. Lesi sitifiketi sesakhiwo simelela ingqophamlando ebalulekile, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingqalasizinda ebalulekile yokusatshalaliswa kukagesi yesikhungo sokwahlulela esiyinhloko saseSt. Lucia ingamelana nezehlakalo zokuzamazama komhlaba futhi igcine ukuqhubeka kokusebenza ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo.

Indima Ebalulekile Yobunjiniyela Bokuzamazama Kwezinto Eziphilayo Engqalasizinda Yomphakathi

Izakhiwo zomphakathi nezikhungo zanamuhla zidinga okungaphezu nje kobuhle kanye nobuqotho besakhiwo esiyisisekelo; zidinga ukuqina kokuzamazama komhlaba okusebenzayo okuphezulu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokwahlulela, zokuphatha, kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo njengeSt. Lucia Halls of Justice, ezisebenza njengezikhungo ezibalulekile zemizwa kuhulumeni wendawo. Ezifundeni ezivame ukuba matasa kakhulu ngezindawo, ukuvikelwa kwezingxenye ezingezona izakhiwo—njengezitsha zekhebula ezinama-voltage aphansi kanye namazinga aphezulu okushisa, amapayipi amanzi, kanye nezinhlelo ze-HVAC—kuyisibopho esiyinhloko sokuphepha.

Ngesikhathi sokuzamazama komhlaba, izinsizakusebenza ezilengayo ezingafakwanga noma ezingabalwanga kahle zingaguquguquka ngamandla, okuholela ekulimaleni kwesakhiwo, ekuqhekekeni kwamandla kagesi, kanye nezingozi ezinkulu kubantu abahlala esakhiweni. Izinhlelo zokusekela ukuzamazama komhlaba ezilengayo zisebenza njengezikhonkwane eziqinile ezilawula ukunyakaza okuseceleni nokwesikhathi eside, zisabalalisa imithwalo enamandla ngokuphepha emuva esakhiweni esiyinhloko sekhonkrithi.

Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalezi zindlela zokuphepha ezidingakalayo, iShanghai Qinkai Industry Co., Ltd. isebenzise inhlanganisela yezindinganiso zesakhiwo zomhlaba wonke nezesizwe. Izisekelo zokuklama ubunjiniyela zephrojekthi ye-HOJ zifaka:

• GB50017-2003: Ikhodi Yokuklama Izakhiwo Zensimbi
• GB50009-2001: Ikhodi Yomklamo Womthwalo Wezakhiwo Zesakhiwo
• JGJ145-2013: Ikhodi Yobuchwepheshe Yokunamathela Kwezakhiwo Zekhonkrithi Ngemva Kokunamathela
• GB50303-2002: Ikhodi Yokwamukelwa Kwekhwalithi Yokwakha Yamaphrojekthi Obunjiniyela Bogesi Bezakhiwo
• 03S402 kanye no-03SR417-2: Izisekelo Zangaphakathi Zepayipi kanye Nezindinganiso Zokufaka

Lawa makhodi alawula ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, imikhawulo yokucindezeleka evumelekile, izici zokuphepha, kanye nemikhawulo yokuphambuka kwezinhlelo ezimisiwe, okuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke i-bracket yakhelwe nge-margin yokuphepha eyingqayizivele.

Imininingwane Yobuchwepheshe kanye Nomklamo Wokuhlanganiswa Kwesibhakela

Iuhlelo lokusekela ukuzamazama komhlabaeyenzelwe iSt. Lucia Halls of Justice isebenzisa ukucushwa kwe-bracket elengayo enezitezi eziningi (i-ZJ-13 Bracket) ukuhlela nokusekela izinhlobo ezahlukene zamathreyi ekhebula kagesi. Umklamo uqukethe kokubili amanethiwekhi okusabalalisa ane-voltage ephansi kanye ne-voltage ephezulu asebenza ngokufana ophahleni lwesikhungo.

Amapharamitha Omthwalo Wethreyi Yekhebula

Izibalo zisekelwe kuzindlela ezilandelayo zomthwalo oqondile ngaphansi kwesikhala esijwayelekile sokusekela esingamamitha angu-1.5:

1. Amathreyi Ekhebula Ane-Voltage Ephansi:
   • 100×100 mm (12 kg/m)
   • 200×100 mm (22.5 kg/m)
   • 300×50 mm (20 kg/m)
   • 300×100 mm (40 kg/m)
2. Amathreyi Ekhebula Anamandla Aphezulu:
   • 100×100 mm (16 kg/m)
   • 200×100 mm (32 kg/m)
   • 300×50 mm (30 kg/m)
   • 300×100 mm (55 kg/m)
   • 400×150 mm (85 kg/m)

Isici sokuphepha esingu-1.2 sisetshenziswa kuzo zonke izimo zomthwalo ukuze kubhekwe ukuhlukahluka okuguqukayo kanye nokwandiswa kwezintambo zesikhathi esizayo.

Ukucushwa Kwesakhiwo Somhlangano

Inhlanganisela eyinhloko isebenzisa i-U-slot engu-41×41 mm (isiteshi se-strut) esenziwe ngensimbi yesakhiwo sekhabhoni ye-Q235 esezingeni eliphezulu, elenga ngezinduku zesikulufo ze-M10 kanye nama-bolts e-anchor afakwe ku-slab yophahla lwekhonkrithi.

Ngezansi umdwebo wokuhlanganisa wezobuchwepheshe onemininingwane obonisa ubukhulu obuqondile, isikhala, kanye nehadiwe yokubopha esetshenziswa ku-ZJ-13 Suspended Seismic Support:

Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1, ukucushwa kokumiswa kunezitezi ezintathu zezikhala ze-U ezingu-41×41 mm ezine-side span engu-600 mm kanye nesikhala sendawo yokumiswa esingu-550 mm. Ukwehla okuqondile kunamathele ngokuqinile phezu kwekhonkrithi kusetshenziswa ama-bolt e-anchor ekhonkrithi engu-M10×80 kanye nama-adapter e-screw rod e-M10. Izinduku ze-screw ze-M10 eziqinile zixhumanisa izintambo eziningi eziwelayo, ezivalelwe endaweni yazo ngama-nuts e-hexagonal angu-M10 kanye ne-M11 flat fittings, okuhlinzeka ngekheji eqinile, engadlidlizi.

Ubuhle Bezinto Ezibonakalayo: Iphrofayili Yesiteshi Se-Strut esingu-41×41 mm

Umgogodla wesakhiwo seQinkaiuhlelo lokusekela ukuzamazama komhlabayiphrofayili ye-U-slot engu-41×41 mm. I-Shanghai Qinkai Industry Co., Ltd. ikhiqiza lezi ziteshi ze-strut ngensimbi yesakhiwo sekhabhoni ye-Q235, into ejwayelekile embonini edume ngokulinganisela kwayo okuhle kwamandla okudonseka, ukuguquguquka, kanye nokushibilika.

Izakhiwo Zemishini ze-Q235:

• Ubuningi bamandla adonsela phansi (
  $\rho$

  ρ):

  $78.5\; kN/m3$

  78.5 kN/m3

• I-Elastic Modulus (
  $E$

  E):

  $2.06\times 105\; N/mm2$

  2.06×105 N/mm2

• Isilinganiso sikaPoisson (
  $\nu$

  ν):

  $0.3$

  0.3

• Amandla Okuklama Okuqinile/Okugobayo (
  $f$

  f):

  $215\; N/mm2$

  215 N/mm2

• Amandla Okuklama Ukugunda (
  $fv$

  fv​):

  $120\; N/mm2$

  120 N/mm2

• Amandla Okucindezela Kobuso Bokugcina (
  $i-sCE$

  sCE​):

  $310\; N/mm2$

  310 N/mm2

Ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwesikhathi eside esimweni sezulu esinomswakama nesishisayo saseSt. Lucia, lezi ziteshi ze-strut zihlinzekwa ngokuqedwa kokuvikela okusebenzayo kakhulu, okuhlanganisa i-Pre-Galvanized (Z275), i-Hot-Dip Galvanized (HDG), kanye ne-Electroplated Zinc (EZ).

Umfanekiso 2 uchaza ngokubekezelelana okulinganayo, ukuqedwa okutholakalayo, kanye nezinhlobo zomkhiqizo womshini wochungechunge lwe-Qinkai lwe-41×41 mm U-slot (Item No. 004120 / TG-41 GI). Amaphethelo ajikelezisiwe e-serrated of theisiteshiiphrofayili inikeza ukumelana okuphezulu kokushelela kanye namandla aphezulu okukhiya uma ihlanganiswa nama-channel nuts, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kuhlala kuqinile ngaphansi kokudlidliza kokuzamazama komhlaba.

Izibalo ze-Finite Element kanye ne-Structural Load

Ingqikithi yombiko wobunjiniyela igxile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukucindezeleka kokugoba, ukucindezeleka kokucheba, kanye nokuphambuka kogongolo ngalunye oluvundlile ngaphansi komthwalo omkhulu kungaphakathi kwemingcele yezinto ezivunyelwe zensimbi ye-Q235.

Ukuhlaziywa Komthwalo Owenziwe Nge-Crossbeam 1

I-Crossbeam 1 isekela inhlanganisela yomthwalo osindayo kakhulu, ibambe ithreyi yekhebula ene-voltage ephezulu engu-400×150 mm.

• Umthwalo Osatshalaliswe Ngokuphelele:
  $85\; kg/m\times 1.5\; m\times 10\; N/kg\times 1.2\approx 1.53\; kN$

  85 kg/m×1.5 m×10 N/kg×1.2≈1.53 kN

• Isikhathi Sokugoba: Isikhathi esiphezulu sokugoba (
  $I-Mmax$

  I-Mmax​) etholwe yi-beam ibalwa ku-

  $124\; N\cdot m$

  124 N⋅m.

• Amandla Okusabela Okusekelayo: Amandla okusabela aqonde phezulu ezindaweni zokumiswa kwesobunxele nakwesokudla akhona
  $0.756\; kN$

  0.756 kN ngayinye.

Ukuqinisekiswa Kokugoba Nokuphambuka Kwesakhiwo

Ukusebenzisa inkolelo-mbono yokubopha, ukucindezeleka okukhulu kokugoba (

σ) ihlolwe ngokumelene namandla okuklama

215 N/mm2. Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi ukucindezeleka kokugoba kuphephile kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphambuka kwemisebe kumele kukhawulelwe ukuvimbela ukugoba kwesakhiwo nokuqhekeka kokuqedwa okuseduze. Ukuphambuka okuphezulu okuvunyelwe ngaphansi komthwalo wokuzamazama komhlaba kuvame ukuba

L/200 (lapho

U-L uyisikhawu). Ukuze uthole

ubude obungu-550 mm, ukuphambuka okuvumelekile kuvunyelwe

2.75 mm.

Njengoba kuboniswe ku-finite element deflection curve ku-Figure 3, ukuphambuka okuphezulu ngaphansi komthwalo ogcwele kwenzeka ngqo phakathi nendawo yomsebe (

0.275 m) futhi ifinyelela endaweni encane

0.29 mm. Lokhu kungaphansi kakhulu kwesilinganiso

Umkhawulo ongu-2.75 mm, okuqinisekisa ukuthi i-Qinkai U-slot inikeza ukuqina kwesakhiwo okungavamile.

Ubuqotho Bokubopha kanye Nemingcele Yokuphepha Eqinisayo

Uhlelo lokusekela ukuzamazama komhlaba luqinile kuphela uma lunesixhumanisi esibuthakathaka kakhulu, yingakho ithimba lobunjiniyela beQinkai lenze ukuqinisekiswa okuphelele kokuthwala umthwalo kuzo zonke izinsimbi zokubambelela nezokubopha. Zonke izinduku, amabhawodi e-anchor, namantongomane enziwe ngensimbi enamandla aphezulu yebanga lesi-4.8.

Ukuhlolwa Komthwalo We-Anchor Bolt kanye Ne-Screw Rod:

• Amandla Okuqinela Aphezulu Ku-Rod:
  $1.206\; kN$

  1.206 kN

• Umkhawulo Wokunwebeka Ovunyelwe Wenduku Yesikulufu Yebanga 4.8 M10:
  $7.0\; kN$

  7.0 kN

• Umkhawulo Wokuphepha: Amandla angempela (
  $1.206\; kN$

  1.206 kN) ingaphansi kuka

  $17\%$

  17% wamandla avumelekile enduku, okunikeza isilinganiso esikhulu sokuphepha.

• Amandla Okuqinela Aphezulu Ku-Anchor Bolt:
  $1.206\; kN$

  1.206 kN

• Umkhawulo Wokunamathela Ovunyelwe We-Anchor Bolt Yebanga 4.8 M10:
  $6.0\; kN$

  6.0 kN

• I-Safety Margin: Ibhawodi ye-anchor isebenza nje
  $20\%$

  20% womthamo wayo wokudonsa ovunyelwe, okuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho bungozi bokudonswa kukakhonkolo.

Isheke Lokucheba Ama-Hexagonal Nut kanye Nokulungela Okusicaba:

• Amandla Aphezulu Ku-Hexagonal Nut:
  $0.756\; kN$

  0.756 kN (Umkhawulo ovumelekile:

  $7.0\; kN$

  7.0 kN)

• Amandla Aphezulu Okufakwayo Okuyisicaba:
  $0.756\; kN$

  0.756 kN (Umkhawulo ovumelekile:

  $7.0\; kN$

  7.0 kN)

Njengoba wonke amazinga okucindezeleka kanye nokuphambuka kwehla kakhulu ngaphansi kwemikhawulo yokuklama ephezulu, umbiko wobunjiniyela uphetha ngokuqiniseka okungu-100% ukuthi amandla okuthwala umthwalo aphelele e-ZJ-13 Bracket assembly ahambisana ngokugcwele nemithethonqubo yokuphepha kokuzamazama komhlaba.