IShanghai Qinkai Industry Co., Ltd. Ibonelela Ngezibalo Eziphambili Zenkxaso Yesiphepho kwiProjekthi YeeHolo Zobulungisa zaseSt. Lucia

I-CASTRIES, eSt. Lucia naseSHANGHAI, eTshayina — Kuphuhliso olukhulu lweziseko zophuhliso zaseCaribbean kunye nokhuseleko loluntu, iShanghai Qinkai Industry Co., Ltd., umenzi ophambili wehlabathi kunye nomyili weenkqubo zolawulo lweentambo zoshishino kunye neenkqubo zenkxaso ye-seismic, iphumelele ukunikezela ngeNgxelo epheleleyo yoYilo lweNkxaso ye-Seismic kunye neNgxelo yokubala yeprojekthi edumileyo yeSt. Lucia Halls of Justice (HOJ). ichaza ubunjineli boomatshini obuqinileyo, ukubalwa komthwalo, kunye nokuqinisekiswa kokhuseleko lwesakhiwo okwenziwe kwiinkqubo zenkxaso ye-seismic ezimisiwe ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo somthetho esibalulekileyo. Esi siqinisekiso sesakhiwo simele isiganeko esibalulekileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iziseko zokusasazwa kombane ezibalulekileyo zesikhungo somthetho esiphambili saseSt. Lucia zinokumelana neziganeko ze-seismic kwaye zigcine ukuqhubeka kokusebenza ngexesha likaxakeka.

Indima Ebalulekileyo Yobunjineli Be-Seismic Kwiziseko Zophuhliso Zikarhulumente

Izakhiwo zikawonke-wonke nezikarhulumente zanamhlanje zifuna okungaphezulu nje kobuhle kunye nomgangatho wesakhiwo; zifuna ukuqina kwenyikima okusebenzayo okuphezulu. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kwizakhiwo zomthetho, zolawulo, kunye nezibonelelo zongxamiseko ezifana neSt. Lucia Halls of Justice, ezisebenza njengeziko leemvakalelo ezibalulekileyo kurhulumente wengingqi. Kwimimandla ethanda ukusebenza kwejoloji, ukukhuselwa kwezinto ezingezizo izakhiwo—ezifana neetreyi zekhebula ezine-voltage ephantsi kunye ne-high-voltage, imibhobho yamanzi, kunye neenkqubo ze-HVAC—ngumyalelo ophambili wokhuseleko.

Ngexesha lenyikima, izixhobo ezingasebenziyo ezingafakwanga okanye ezingabalwanga kakuhle zinokutshintsha ngamandla, nto leyo ekhokelela ekonakaleni kwesakhiwo, ekuqhekekeni kwamandla ombane, nakwiingozi ezinkulu kubantu abahlala kwisakhiwo. Iinkqubo zokuxhasa inyikima ezixhonyiweyo zisebenza njengee-ankile eziqinileyo ezilawula intshukumo esecaleni neyasebudeni, zisasaza imithwalo enamandla ngokukhuselekileyo kwisakhiwo sekhonkrithi esiphambili.

Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nale miqathango yokhuseleko inzima, iShanghai Qinkai Industry Co., Ltd. isebenzise indibaniselwano yemigangatho yesakhiwo yamazwe ngamazwe neyesizwe. Iziseko zoyilo lobunjineli beprojekthi ye-HOJ ziquka:

• GB50017-2003: Ikhowudi yoYilo lweZakhiwo zeNsimbi
• GB50009-2001: Ikhowudi yoYilo loMthwalo weZakhiwo zeZakhiwo
• JGJ145-2013: Ikhowudi yoBugcisa emva kokuQinisekiswa kweZakhiwo zeKhonkrithi
• GB50303-2002: Ikhowudi yoKwamkelwa koMgangatho woLwakhiwo lweeProjekthi zoBunjineli boMbane beZakhiwo
• 03S402 kunye ne-03SR417-2: Imigangatho yokuxhasa imibhobho yangaphakathi kunye nokufakelwa kwayo

Ezi khowudi zilawula ukukhethwa kwezinto, imida yoxinzelelo evumelekileyo, izinto zokhuseleko, kunye nemida yokuphambuka kwiinkqubo ezixhonyiweyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibracket nganye yenzelwe umda wokhuseleko okhethekileyo.

Iinkcukacha zoBugcisa kunye noYilo lweNdibano yeBracket

Iinkqubo yenkxaso yenyikimaYenzelwe iiHolo zoBulungisa zaseSt. Lucia isebenzisa ulungiselelo lwebracket exhonyiweyo enamanqanaba amaninzi (i-ZJ-13 Bracket) ukulungelelanisa nokuxhasa iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeetreyi zekhebula zombane. Uyilo lubandakanya zombini iinethiwekhi zokusasazwa kwe-voltage ephantsi kunye ne-high-voltage ezisebenza ngaxeshanye kwiisilingi zesakhiwo.

Iiparamitha zoMthwalo weTreyi yeCable

Izibalo zisekelwe kwimigangatho elandelayo yomthwalo othe ngqo phantsi kwesithuba esiqhelekileyo senkxaso seemitha ezili-1.5:

1. Iitreyi zeCable ezineVoltage ephantsi:
   • 100×100 mm (12 kg/m)
   • 200×100 mm (22.5 kg/m)
   • 300×50 mm (20 kg/m)
   • 300×100 mm (40 kg/m)
2. Iitreyi zeCable ezineVoltage ephezulu:
   • 100×100 mm (16 kg/m)
   • 200×100 mm (32 kg/m)
   • 300×50 mm (30 kg/m)
   • 300×100 mm (55 kg/m)
   • 400×150 mm (85 kg/m)

I-safety factor ye-1.2 isetyenziswa kuzo zonke iimeko zomthwalo ukuze kujongwe umahluko oguqukayo kunye nokwandiswa kweentambo kwixesha elizayo.

Uqwalaselo lweNdibano yoLwakhiwo

Indibano yokuqala isebenzisa i-U-slot engama-41×41 mm (itshaneli ye-strut) eyenziwe ngentsimbi yesakhiwo sekhabhoni ye-Q235 ekumgangatho ophezulu, exhonywe ngeentonga zesikrufu ze-M10 kunye neebholiti ze-anchor ezifakwe kwi-slab yesilingi yekhonkrithi.

Apha ngezantsi kukho umzobo wobugcisa oneenkcukacha obonisa ubukhulu obuchanekileyo, isithuba, kunye nezixhobo zokubopha ezisetyenziswa kwi-ZJ-13 Suspended Seismic Support:

Njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 1, ulungiselelo lokumiswa lunemigangatho emithathu yeendawo ze-U ezingama-41×41 mm ezine-side span engama-600 mm kunye nesithuba se-suspension point esingama-550 mm. Ukuwa okuthe nkqo kunamathele ngokukhuselekileyo phezu kwekhonkrithi kusetyenziswa ii-M10×80 concrete anchor bolts kunye nee-adapters ze-screw rod ze-M10. Ii-screw rods ze-M10 ezixineneyo kakhulu zidibanisa ii-crossbeams ezininzi, ezivalelwe endaweni yazo ngee-M10 hexagonal nuts kunye nee-M11 flat fittings, zibonelela ngekheyiji eqinileyo, enganyangekiyo ziintshukumo.

Ukugqwesa kwezinto: Iprofayili yeStrut Channel eyi-41×41 mm

Umqolo wesakhiwo seQinkaiinkqubo yenkxaso yenyikimayiprofayili ye-U-slot ye-41×41 mm. I-Shanghai Qinkai Industry Co., Ltd. yenza ezi channels ze-strut ezivela kwintsimbi yesakhiwo sekhabhoni ye-Q235, into esemgangathweni weshishini edumileyo ngokulinganisela kwayo okugqwesileyo kwamandla okutsalwa, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokudityaniswa.

Iipropati zoomatshini ze-Q235:

• Uxinano lweGravitational (
  $\rho$

  ρ):

  $78.5\; kN/m3$

  78.5 kN/m3

• Imodulus ethambileyo (
  $E$

  E):

  $2.06\times 105\; N/mm2$

  2.06×105 N/mm2

• Umlinganiselo kaPoisson (
  $\nu$

  ν):

  $0.3$

  0.3

• Amandla oYilo lokuThatha/lokuGoba (
  $f$

  f):

  $215\; N/mm2$

  215 N/mm2

• Amandla oYilo lweShear (
  $fv$

  fv​):

  $120\; N/mm2$

  120 N/mm2

• Amandla oxinzelelo lobuso bokuphela (
  $sCE$

  sCE​):

  $310\; N/mm2$

  310 N/mm2

Ukuqinisekisa ukuba zihlala ixesha elide kwimozulu efumileyo neshushu yaselwandle yaseSt. Lucia, ezi ntambo ze-strut zibonelelwa ngezixhobo zokukhusela ezisebenzayo, kuquka i-Pre-Galvanized (Z275), i-Hot-Dip Galvanized (HDG), kunye ne-Electroplated Zinc (EZ).

Umfanekiso 2 uchaza ngobungakanani bokunyamezelana, ukugqitywa okufumanekayo, kunye neendidi zemveliso yoomatshini yochungechunge lwe-Qinkai lwe-41×41 mm U-slot (Item No. 004120 / TG-41 GI). Imiphetho ejikelezileyo ye-serrateditshaneliiprofayili inika ukumelana okuphezulu kokutyibilika kunye namandla aphezulu okutshixa xa idityaniswe neenati zetshaneli, ukuqinisekisa ukuba indibano ihlala iqinile phantsi kokungcangcazela kwenyikima.

Ukubalwa kweFinite Element kunye neStructural Load

Ingongoma ephambili yengxelo yobunjineli igxile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba uxinzelelo lokugoba, uxinzelelo lokucheba, kunye nokuphambuka komqadi ngamnye othe tye phantsi komthwalo ophezulu kungaphakathi kakuhle kwimida yezinto ezivumelekileyo zentsimbi ye-Q235.

Uhlalutyo lomthwalo we-Crossbeam 1

I-Crossbeam 1 ixhasa indibaniselwano yomthwalo onzima kakhulu, ibambe itreyi yentambo ye-400×150 mm ene-voltage ephezulu.

• Umthwalo Osasazwe Ngokupheleleyo:
  $85\; kg/m\times 1.5\; m\times 10\; N/kg\times 1.2\approx 1.53\; kN$

  85 kg/m×1.5 m×10 N/kg×1.2≈1.53 kN

• Ixesha lokugoba: Ixesha eliphezulu lokugoba (
  $I-Mmax$

  I-Mmax​) efunyenwe ngumqadi ibalwa kwi

  $124\; N\cdot m$

  124 N⋅m.

• Amandla Okusabela Okuxhasayo: Amandla okusabela athe nkqo kwiindawo zokumiswa zasekhohlo nasekunene
  $0.756\; kN$

  0.756 kN nganye.

Ukuqinisekiswa kokugoba kunye nokuphambuka kwesakhiwo

Ukusebenzisa ithiyori yemitha, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokugoba (

σ) ijongiwe ngokuchasene namandla oyilo

215 N/mm2. Ubalo lubonisa ukuba uxinzelelo lokugoba lukhuselekile kakhulu.

Ngaphezu koko, ukuphambuka kwemisebe kufuneka kuthintelwe ukuthintela ukugoba kwesakhiwo kunye nokuqhekeka kwemigangatho ekufutshane. Ukuphambuka okuphezulu okuvumelekileyo phantsi komthwalo wenyikima kudla ngokuba

L/200 (apho

U-L sisithuba).

Ubude be-550 mm, ukuphambuka okuvumelekileyo kuvumelekile

2.75 mm.

Njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-finite element deflection curve kuMfanekiso 3, i-deflection ephezulu phantsi komthwalo opheleleyo yenzeka ngqo phakathi kwe-beam (

0.275 m) kwaye ifikelela kwinqanaba elincinane

0.29 mm. Oku kungaphantsi kakhulu

Umda we-2.75 mm, oqinisekisa ukuba i-Qinkai U-slot inika ukuqina okumangalisayo kwesakhiwo.

Ukunyaniseka kweZibophelelo kunye neeNdawo zoKhuseleko eziQinisekisayo

Inkqubo yokuxhasa inyikima inamandla kuphela xa iqhagamshelo layo libuthathaka, yiyo loo nto iqela lobunjineli beQinkai lenze uqinisekiso olupheleleyo lokuthwala umthwalo kuzo zonke izixhobo zokubambelela nezokubopha. Zonke iintonga, iibholiti zeankile, kunye neenati zenziwe ngentsimbi enamandla aphezulu yeBakala 4.8.

I-Anchor Bolt kunye ne-Screw Rod Load Load Check:

• Amandla okuThatha aphezulu kwiRod:
  $1.206\; kN$

  1.206 kN

• Umda wokuThatha ovumelekileyo weBanga lesi-4.8 M10 Screw Rod:
  $7.0\; kN$

  7.0 kN

• Umda woKhuseleko: Amandla okwenyani (
  $1.206\; kN$

  1.206 kN) ingaphantsi kune

  $17\%$

  I-17% yamandla avumelekileyo entonga, nto leyo enika umda omkhulu wokhuseleko.

• Amandla okuThatha aphezulu kwi-Anchor Bolt:
  $1.206\; kN$

  1.206 kN

• Umda wokuThatha ovumelekileyo weBanga lesi-4.8 M10 Anchor Bolt:
  $6.0\; kN$

  6.0 kN

• Umda woKhuseleko: Ibholthi yeankile isebenza nje
  $20\%$

  I-20% yamandla ayo okutsala avumelekileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho mngcipheko wokutsalwa kwekhonkrithi.

Itshekhi ye-Hexagonal Nut kunye ne-Flat Fitting Shear:

• Amandla Aphezulu kwi-Hexagonal Nut:
  $0.756\; kN$

  0.756 kN (Umda ovumelekileyo:

  $7.0\; kN$

  7.0 kN)

• Amandla aphezulu kwiZilinganisi eziSicaba:
  $0.756\; kN$

  0.756 kN (Umda ovumelekileyo:

  $7.0\; kN$

  7.0 kN)

Njengoko onke amanqanaba oxinzelelo kunye nokuphambuka kwemoto kungaphantsi kakhulu kwimida yoyilo ephezulu, ingxelo yobunjineli iphetha ngokuqiniseka okupheleleyo ukuba amandla okuthwala umthwalo we-ZJ-13 Bracket assembly ahambelana ngokupheleleyo nemigaqo yokhuseleko lwe-seismic.